Comparative study of xylocaine, detomidine, ketamine and xylazine for epidural analgesia in goats

A total of 40 buffaloes [8 primiparous and 32 multiparous] were used to study the physiological changes related to the last stage of pregnancy and processes of parturition. Animals were kept under careful observation and examination. Blood samples were collected at the last stage of pregnancy, 12-72 and 1-12 hours prepartum, parturition, and at post partum. Plasma were separated for determination of oestradiol 17 C and corticol hormones as well as glucose and total protein and fractions. The periods of first, second and third stages of labour in primiparous buffaloes were 4.72 +/- 1.17, 1.22 +/- 0.20 and 5.28 +/- 1.92 hours and in pleuparous buffaloes were 3.22 +/- 2.08, 0.85 +/- 0.44 and 4.95 +/- 1.10 hours respectively. The plasma levels of oestradiol 17 C and cortisol were gradually increased on approaching of parturition, reaching their maximum values at 1-12 hr. pre-partum and during parturition, while the lowest values were recorded after parturtion. In Egyptian buffaloes, average values of plasma glucose were significantly higher during parturition than that during last stage of pregnancy and pre-partum. Clinical signs and behavioural traits were also recorded. It could be concluded that the processes of parturition in buffaloes were nearly similar to these of cows

Radiographical study on the time of complete post-natal union of the ossification loci of the bones of the elbow joint in Egyptian buffalo Bubalus

The bones of the elbow joint of the Egyptian buffalo were examined radiographically to determine their ossification loci. This work recorded that there are five separate centers [three of them are located on the distal epiphysis of the humerus, the medial epicondyle, lateral epicondyle and the humeral condyles, while the other two centers are located on the radius and ulna at the proximal epiphysis of the ulna and proximal epiphysis of the radius]. The ossification loci of humeral condyles were fused at the age of 6 months and the proximal epiphysis of the radius were completely fused at the age of 8 months, while that of the medial and lateral epicondyles of the humerus were fused at the age of 1.5 year. The last ossification locus has been fused was the proximal epiphysis of the ulna at the age of six years old

New concept in diabetic vitrectomy

Twenty two cases of proliferative diabetic retinopathy presenting with vitreous haemorrhage were followed for one month only. If the haemorrhage showed no improvement, pars plana vitrectomy was done to remove the haemorrhage. Visual results were very satisfactory and complications were few. I recommend early vitrectomy for cases of proliferative diabetic retinopathy presenting with vitreous haemorrhage

Twenty four cases of choyce mark VIII lens implantation

Twenty four cases of intra-capsular cataract extraction were done with intraocular Choyce Mark VIII lens implantation. Implantations were all primary. Diameter of used lenses was 12 mms in 8, 3%, 12.5 in 50% and 13.0 mms in 41.7%. The lens powers ranged from 18-20 dioptres. Residual refraction and tenderness on touch was present in all case post-operatively